You’ve put in the work: the prerequisites, maybe even a semester or two in another pharmacy program. Now you want to know how to keep moving without starting over. This guide explains what a PharmD degree is, how a Doctor of Pharmacy program is structured, and how transfer students can bring eligible previous coursework with them.

What Is a PharmD Degree? A Doctor of Pharmacy Overview

A PharmD, short for Doctor of Pharmacy, is the professional doctorate you earn to prepare to become a licensed pharmacist in the United States. It’s the standard pharmacy degree at accredited U.S. schools today, having replaced the older bachelor’s-level credential. The program blends science coursework, lab practice, and supervised experience in real pharmacy settings.

You complete your prerequisite courses first, then move into the professional curriculum that prepares you to sit for licensure. Throughout this guide, you’ll see how that path works and how it shifts when you transfer in with credits you’ve already earned.

PharmD vs. RPh vs. BS in Pharmacy: How Do the Credentials Differ?

Three terms are important to understand as you research “pharmacy degrees.� The PharmD is the degree that prepares you for pharmacist licensure in the United States. “RPh,� or Registered Pharmacist, is a license you earn after you graduate and pass your exams. The Bachelor of Science (BS) in pharmacy is an older degree that U.S. schools have largely phased out in favor of the PharmD.

What Does a Pharmacist Do, and What Does a PharmD Prepare You For?

A pharmacist applies clinical knowledge to medication therapy. In practice, that means reviewing prescriptions, counseling patients on how to take their medications safely, and working alongside physicians, nurses, and other providers as part of the care team. A Doctor of Pharmacy program is built to prepare you for that work through science coursework, lab training, and supervised practice.

Pharmacists work across a wide range of settings: hospital and clinical pharmacies, community pharmacies, ambulatory care, managed care and health systems, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and public health. You can explore these paths in our guide to PharmD career opportunities.

On-Campus, Online, and Hybrid PharmD Formats: What’s the Difference?

PharmD programs come in a few delivery formats: a fully on-campus program holds classes in person, an online program delivers most coursework digitally, and a hybrid program combines the two. Because pharmacy work depends on hands-on skill-building, a “hybrid� PharmD still includes in-person labs and clinical practice. The online portion of your program typically covers lectures and academic coursework.

ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s Doctor of Pharmacy is a hybrid program. You complete much of your academic coursework online, then apply it during scheduled labs and practice experiences in person. You’ll also train with virtual reality tools that let you tend your own virtual pharmacy. You’ll practice locating medications, recalling drug information, and applying medication therapy principles. Your in-person labs take place at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s Center for Graduate Studies in Los Angeles.

Supervised practice is built into the program, so you’ll complete Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experiences (IPPEs) early and Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) later, working with licensed preceptors across community, hospital, acute care, and ambulatory care settings. The curriculum also includes integrated support for the NAPLEX, the national licensure exam. You can read more in our NAPLEX facts and tips.

How Long Is a PharmD Program, and Can Transfer Credits Shorten It?

A traditional Doctor of Pharmacy program usually takes about four years of professional study, completed after your prerequisite courses. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ offers an accelerated hybrid program built to be completed in as little as 33 months. Eligible transfer credit may reduce your time in school, depending on how your previous coursework is evaluated.

Your actual timeline depends on your schedule, your start date, and how many of your credits transfer, so two students who begin the same program can finish on different timelines. If you’re coming in with prior pharmacy coursework, the credit review can help clarify what your timeline might look like.

What Are the Admission Requirements and Prerequisite Courses for a PharmD?

Admission to a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program typically involves prerequisite coursework, your academic record, and application materials like letters of recommendation and an interview. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you’ll complete 51 semester credit hours of specific prerequisite coursework before you start the PharmD program. You don’t need a completed bachelor’s degree to apply.

Here’s what ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s admission process includes:

• Completed prerequisite coursework
  
  
  
  • 51 semester credit hours
  
  
  • a minimum grade of “Câ€� in each course
  
  
  • cumulative math/science GPA of at least 2.0
• A complete PharmCAS application
• Two letters of recommendation
• An interview and an extemporaneous essay

Current details can be found on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s PharmD program page and admission requirements. If you’re exploring pharmacy schools that don’t require a bachelor’s degree, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s prerequisite-based admission path is worth a close look.

Transferring Into a PharmD Program: How Are Eligible Credits Evaluated?

If you were previously or currently enrolled in a PharmD program that’s accredited by, or seeking accreditation from, the , you may request advanced standing transfer into ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s program. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ then evaluates your eligible previous coursework to determine what applies toward the degree.

Here’s what to gather for your review:

• Official transcripts from your current school, college, or institution
• Official transcripts from every institution where you completed prerequisite coursework
• A personal statement to the Dean explaining why you’re seeking a transfer
• Course syllabi for each pharmacy course you completed at your original school

Once those are ready, connect with ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ admissions through the transferring credits page or by submitting a “Request Infoâ€� form below. The admissions team will walk you through how your eligible coursework is reviewed for transfer credit.

PharmD Programs in California: ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s Doctor of Pharmacy

If you’re comparing pharmacy schools in California, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ offers an accredited, hybrid, accelerated Doctor of Pharmacy program based in Los Angeles. The program is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, and ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ was among the first pharmacy schools in the nation to launch an accelerated hybrid curriculum. You can earn the degree in as little as 33 months.

For transfer students, that combination matters. A hybrid schedule gives you room to keep other commitments, the accelerated format helps you finish faster, and a credit review means the work you’ve already done may count toward your degree. Want to see whether your previous coursework transfers? Start on the PharmD program page, review the transferring credits steps, or schedule an information session to talk through your options.

Take the Next Step

Ready to move forward with your pharmacy education? Explore ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s Doctor of Pharmacy program, see how your eligible previous coursework may transfer, and reach out when you’re ready. Apply Today or request more information to get started.

 Frequently Asked Questions

What is a PharmD degree?

A PharmD, or Doctor of Pharmacy, is the professional doctorate you complete to prepare to become a licensed pharmacist in the United States. At accredited U.S. schools, it’s the standard pharmacy degree, combining science coursework, lab training, and hands-on pharmacy practice experiences.

What’s the difference between a PharmD and an RPh?

A PharmD is a degree. An RPh, or Registered Pharmacist, is a license. You first earn the Doctor of Pharmacy degree, then become an RPh by passing the licensure exams required in your state.

How long is a PharmD program?

A traditional Doctor of Pharmacy program usually takes about four years of professional study after prerequisites. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s accelerated hybrid program is built to be completed in as little as 33 months. Your timeline depends on your schedule and any eligible transfer credits.

What are the requirements for a PharmD program?

Requirements vary by school but typically include prerequisite coursework, a minimum GPA, recommendations, and an interview. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you’ll complete 51 semester credit hours of prerequisites, submit a PharmCAS application and two recommendations, and complete an interview and essay. You don’t need a completed bachelor’s degree to apply.

Can you transfer into a pharmacy school?

Yes, though every credit is evaluated individually. If you were enrolled in a PharmD program accredited by, or seeking accreditation from, ACPE, you may be eligible to request advanced standing transfer at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½. You’ll provide transcripts, course syllabi, and a personal statement so your eligible previous coursework can be reviewed.

Are there online or hybrid PharmD programs?

Yes. Because pharmacy depends on hands-on skills, most flexible options are hybrid rather than fully online. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy program delivers academic coursework online, then uses its Los Angeles campus for labs and hands-on practice experiences, including virtual reality training.

Do you need a bachelor’s degree to start a PharmD?

Not always. Some PharmD programs admit students who have completed the required prerequisite coursework rather than a full bachelor’s degree. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, admission is based on completing 51 semester credit hours of prerequisites, so you can apply before finishing a bachelor’s degree.

The post What Is a PharmD Degree? A Doctor of Pharmacy Guide for Transfer Students appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

When some people think about pharmacists, they imagine the professionals working behind the counter at their neighborhood pharmacies. While that’s one role that pharmacists can have, it’s not the only one. In this article, we’ll break down the different types of pharmacists to help you plan your future career in this field.

What Is a Pharmacist?

A pharmacist is a healthcare professional who prepares and dispenses prescription medications. They’re knowledgeable about medications and can work with patients to explain how to take medicine safely. Pharmacists also collaborate with physicians and other healthcare providers on medication usage and safety.

What Does a Pharmacist Do?

There’s no standard job description for pharmacists. This role can vary, depending on the job setting. Different types of pharmacists may review medications, fill prescriptions, advise patients, or counsel other healthcare professionals about medications.

With that in mind, some common may include:

• Reviewing prescriptions for accuracy and preparing medications
• Educating patients about when and how to take medications
• Providing vaccinations or other preventive care services
• Consulting with insurance companies about billing and reimbursement
• Managing pharmacy technicians and other pharmacy staff
• Maintaining pharmacy records and checking inventories
• Collaborating with healthcare providers on medications and dosages

In their roles, pharmacists primarily focus on helping people use medications safely and appropriately. Their day-to-day duties, however, can vary depending on the type of pharmacy job they have and where they work.

What Are Some Different Types of Pharmacist Jobs?

Just like there’s no standard job description, there’s no single pharmacist job you can get. Pharmacists can have various roles in healthcare. Some types of may focus on patient education and community health, while others may involve research or consulting.

If you’re interested in a pharmacy career, these are some jobs you may be able to pursue:

Clinical Pharmacist

Clinical pharmacists work with healthcare teams to help manage patients’ medications. These pharmacists often work in clinics, ambulatory care settings, or specialty practices.

Unlike some pharmacists, clinical pharmacists have a direct role in patient care. Their role may involve:

• Reviewing patients’ medication histories
• Assessing how patients respond to medications
• Monitoring side effects or drug interactions
• Recommending changes to medication plans

Clinical pharmacists collaborate closely with primary care physicians and specialists to care for patients. The role may be a good fit if you value teamwork and want to see how your work makes a difference for patients.

Community Pharmacist

Community pharmacists prepare, fill, and dispense medications. They work in retail settings, such as pharmacy chains, grocery stores, and independent pharmacies.

In these settings, community pharmacists usually don’t provide direct patient care. Instead, their responsibilities may include:

• Instructing patients about proper medication use
• Answering patients’ questions about medications, such as potential side effects
• Suggesting over-the-counter medicines for minor ailments
• Administering vaccines
• Supervising pharmacy staff and operations

As a community pharmacist, you can expect to interact with a variety of people every day. This role may be appealing if you enjoy communicating with people and educating them about medications.

Consultant Pharmacist

Consultant pharmacists advise healthcare organizations about medications. They may provide consulting services for various healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, assisted living communities, hospice organizations, and long-term care facilities. Some may specialize in a specific area or patient population, such as senior care.

A consultant pharmacist’s job duties can include:

• Analyzing medication regimens for effectiveness or potential risks
• Counseling organizations on medication policies
• Identifying potential improvements to pharmacy services or operations
• Preparing reports and recommendations for healthcare organizations

Compared to other pharmacist jobs, a consultant pharmacist focuses more on research and analysis. You may be interested in becoming a consultant pharmacist if you enjoy problem-solving and want to work outside a traditional pharmacy.

Hospital Pharmacist

Hospital pharmacists work in hospital pharmacies. In these settings, patients may have complex medication needs, such as IV medications.

A hospital pharmacist commonly works directly with patients and healthcare providers. Their responsibilities may include:

• Verifying prescription orders and preparing medications
• Accompanying care teams on rounds to evaluate patients’ medication plans
• Recommending changes to medications or dosages
• Answering patients’ questions about continuing medications upon discharge

Hospital pharmacists may support specific departments, such as emergency care or oncology. It may be a good fit if you want to work in a fast-paced pharmacy setting or interact with both patients and providers.

Nuclear Pharmacist

specialize in radioactive drugs, also known as radiopharmaceuticals. They can work in large medical centers, where they prepare these medications on-site, or at off-site commercial nuclear pharmacies. Radiopharmaceuticals require careful handling, so nuclear pharmacists receive additional training in radiation safety.

Nuclear pharmacy is a specialized area, and pharmacists in this role may have these job duties:

• Preparing radiopharmaceuticals using specialized equipment
• Performing quality control testing on radiopharmaceutical products
• Maintaining thorough records and meeting other regulatory requirements
• Handling hazardous and radioactive materials safely

This role involves more behind-the-scenes work. Nuclear pharmacists may handle many of their tasks independently, and they usually have less patient interaction than other types of pharmacists. You may feel drawn to this area if you enjoy technical work and want to have more autonomy in your role.

Pharmaceutical Pharmacist

Pharmaceutical pharmacists work in research and development. They can work for pharmaceutical companies or research organizations, assisting with the production, quality control, and regulation of medications.

Some common responsibilities in this role can include:

• Coordinating clinical trials and contributing to research
• Reviewing data to help determine drug safety
• Providing quality assurance oversight
• Preparing reports and educational materials about medications

In this role, you can help shape the future of healthcare by supporting the development and delivery of new medications. It may appeal to you if you want a pharmacy role that’s more connected to the business side of healthcare.

Explore the PharmD Program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½

There are many types of pharmacists, and each one contributes to healthcare in a unique way. The right pharmacist role for you may depend on your interests, strengths, and personal preferences.

At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, our hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy program is designed to help you find your niche. The program combines classroom learning with in-person clinical experience and community outreach. You complete coursework online and come to campus for one week every trimester to practice your skills, including advanced practice areas like acute care and ambulatory care.

Want to learn more? Reach out today to request more information or schedule an information session!

The post What Are Some Different Types of Pharmacists? 6 Jobs to Know appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

If you’re researching a career in pharmacy, you may have come across acronyms like RPh and PharmD. What do they mean, and how do they fit into your career path? Essentially, PharmD refers to a Doctor of Pharmacy, which is the advanced degree you need to become a registered pharmacist, or RPh.

In this article, we’ll explain the differences between RPh versus PharmD and how each one may fit into your career journey.

What Is a PharmD?

A Doctor of Pharmacy, commonly shortened to PharmD, is a doctoral degree awarded to students who complete a postsecondary program in pharmacy. PharmD programs generally include coursework in pharmacology, public health, pharmacy practice, and ethics.

It takes to earn a PharmD, though you can find accelerated programs at some schools. For example, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s Hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy program can be completed in as few as 33 months.

Since the early 2000s, a PharmD has been the for new pharmacists entering the profession. If you want to become a licensed pharmacist, you must earn a Doctor of Pharmacy.

What Is an RPh?

RPh stands for registered pharmacist. It’s not an academic degree, but a title pharmacists can use once they’ve met requirements for state licensure.

Each state sets its own requirements, but they usually include earning a doctorate, passing exams, and completing a set number of intern hours. In California, for example, you need a minimum of 1,500 intern hours to become a licensed pharmacist.

What’s the Difference Between PharmD vs. RPh?

The terms PharmD and RPh are related, but they’re not interchangeable. A PharmD refers to a Doctor of Pharmacy, which is an academic degree. RPh refers to a registered pharmacist, which is a designation for a pharmacist who holds a license to practice.

If you’re considering a career in pharmacy, it’s worth knowing this distinction. Earning a PharmD is the first step toward becoming a pharmacist, but it’s not the only one. You’ll also need to complete the licensure process in the state where you plan to practice to become a registered pharmacist.

How Do You Go From PharmD to RPh?

The path to earning your PharmD and becoming an RPh may vary based on where you live, but the process generally goes like this:

1. Complete PharmD Program Prerequisites

Most require you to complete pre-pharmacy coursework before enrolling. This coursework typically includes classes in biology, chemistry, statistics, anatomy, and physiology. These can vary, however, so check with the school directly before you apply.

2. Earn Your Doctor of Pharmacy

Once you’re enrolled in a PharmD program, you’ll begin working toward your doctoral degree. You can expect to start with foundational courses early in the program and gradually progress into more advanced subjects as you go on. The curriculum for a PharmD program may include classes like these, among others:

• Pharmaceutics
• Calculations
• Biostatistics
• Public Health
• Pharmacotherapeutics
• Pharmacy Practice Management
• Pharmacy Law and Ethics

As part of your pharmacy education, you’ll also complete supervised work hours, often known as intern hours. This experience allows you to practice your skills in real-world settings, such as retail pharmacies or hospitals.

3. Pass a National Licensure Exam

After graduating with your Doctor of Pharmacy, you can apply for licensure through your state’s pharmacy board. While licensure requirements vary, they often include passing both a national and state-level exam.

The (NAPLEX) is the standardized national exam for pharmacists. It evaluates your knowledge in core content areas, which include:

• Pharmacy practice
• Medication use process
• Person-centered assessment and treatment planning
• Professional practice
• Pharmacy management and leadership

Your PharmD program may provide resources to help you prepare for the exam. For example, at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, NAPLEX preparation is built into the PharmD curriculum. Students also have access to additional resources, including review sessions and one-on-one tutoring.

4. Complete Additional Licensure Requirements

Depending on your state, you may need to meet additional licensure requirements beyond passing the NAPLEX. , pharmacists must take the California Pharmacist Jurisprudence Examination. The licensure application also requires you to prove you’ve completed the required intern hours and submit your fingerprints for processing.

What Can You Do as an RPh?

After you complete the required education, intern hours, and exams, you can become licensed to practice as a pharmacist. At this point, you can apply for pharmacist jobs in your state.

Registered pharmacists dispense prescription medications to patients and customers. They can work in community pharmacies, hospitals, ambulatory healthcare services, and other healthcare settings. Depending on where they work, an might include:

• Reviewing and filling prescriptions
• Monitoring patients’ medication histories and allergies
• Educating patients about medications and possible side effects
• Collaborating with doctors on medications and dosages
• Maintaining patient records
• Offering guidance on over-the-counter medicines
• Communicating with insurance companies about billing

Pursue Your PharmD at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½

Knowing the difference between an RPh versus a PharmD is helpful for planning your pharmacy career path. Earning your Doctor of Pharmacy is an essential first step toward becoming licensed and working as a registered pharmacist.

At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, our Hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy program is designed to help students learn the skills needed for pharmacist licensure and a future career in the field. The blended program includes online coursework, combined with immersive on-campus learning one week per trimester. With our accelerated program, you can earn your PharmD in as few as 33 months — less than 3 years!

Ready to learn more about a career path in pharmacy? Reach out today to schedule an information session!

The post What’s the Difference Between RPh vs. PharmD? appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

Recent ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ doctor of pharmacy graduate Victoria S. had considered nursing at one point — her family has strong ties to ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s nursing program — but an internship in a Long Beach hospital helped her realize that wasn’t her path.

“I give nurses so much props for what they do, but I enjoy the clinical side of drugs and helping patients manage their medications,� she said.

“I started my pharmacy journey (with a major retail pharmacy chain) as a pharmacy technician, and I currently am still working for them,� she said. “They offered me a position after I graduated. I’m just waiting to take my boards and then I’m going to be a licensed pharmacist.�

It was her family’s experience with ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ that introduced her to the university. The availability of a Doctor of Pharmacy program sealed the deal.

“Because of the connections you have with your faculty… they’re more willing to push you towards your goals,â€� she said, noting the one-on-one professor time, and even weekend support from faculty.

She also found value in °Â°ä±«â€™s peer mentorship system. “You can actually work with the cohort above you and have help from your peers, not just from faculty and student advisers,â€� she explained. That support — combined with her own perseverance — helped her navigate the program’s challenges.

For new students, Victoria’s advice is simple: Get involved.

“Join as much programs as you can,� she said, naming groups like ACCP, ASHP, CHS, PAA, PHA, and the professional pharmacy fraternity PDC. “It’s a way to connect with your cohorts, students above you, below you, and even alumni… you can be connected with so many people around the U.S.�

She also recommends gaining real-world experience while in school. “Maybe like 8 to 16 hours a week is good enough just for you to be able to apply the knowledge you learn in class to your actual day-to-day at work,� she said.

Victoria admits the journey can feel daunting at first. “It might seem rough in the beginning, but definitely just persevere. You got this,� she said. “Three years — it’s going to fly by, and you’re going to be so excited, you’re going to be here standing right here.�

The post ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ PharmD Grad Reflects on Tight-Knit Community and Career Ahead appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

When Varduhi O. walked across the stage at the Honda Center to receive her doctor of pharmacy degree from ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, the moment marked far more than academic achievement. It was the culmination of years of perseverance, resilience, and unwavering determination. 

A New Life and a New Language 

Varduhi moved to the United States from Armenia at the age of 23 — without knowing a word of English. 

“It’s a really big deal for me and for my family,â€� she said. 

As a first-generation immigrant and now the first in her family to earn a doctoral degree, Varduhi’s success is a powerful example of what’s possible through hard work and grit. 

Balancing Pharmacy School and Motherhood 

Earning a PharmD is demanding for anyone — but Varduhi did it while raising two young daughters. For her, walking the graduation stage wasn’t just a personal milestone — it was a message to her children. 

“I want them to see how hard work and commitment will help you and others live in a better way,â€� she said. 

Overcoming Doubt with Support 

Varduhi admitted there were moments of self-doubt, especially after giving birth during her second year of pharmacy school. 

“I failed my first exam,â€� she said. “But Dr. Kasan motivated me and reminded me of my strengths. I’m so glad that I never gave up.â€� 

Her story is a reminder of how important mentorship and encouragement are in shaping student success. 

Finding Purpose in Community Pharmacy 

Today, Varduhi works at a major retail pharmacy, where she finds meaning in daily patient interactions. Though she trained in both hospital and retail settings, she found her passion aligned more with community pharmacy. 

“We are very accessible for patients,â€� she explained. “Even over the phone, they can call us and ask for advice.â€� 

Looking Ahead: Blending Pharmacy with Lifestyle Coaching 

Varduhi’s long-term vision is to open a clinic-style pharmacy — one that merges traditional pharmaceutical services with wellness and lifestyle coaching. 

“I want to help people live better, healthier lives, not just through medicine, but through education and support.â€� 

The post ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ PharmD Graduate Overcame Barriers, Looks Ahead to Community Care  appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

There are many reasons registered nurses (RNs) make the transition to physician assistant (PA) roles. Whether you’re looking for greater autonomy in your clinical responsibilities, more traditional work hours, or higher levels of compensation, the switch could be helpful for achieving new career goals.

Transitioning from an RN to a PA can be a natural transition considering that both roles focus on direct patient care and can be carried out across a diverse range of healthcare settings. Both types of professionals play an essential role in helping patients maintain optimal health and wellness — but the key difference is the scope of their practice, with PAs having a when it comes to diagnosis and treatment.

Before we dive into how an RN can become a PA, it’s important to understand the differences between the two roles.

RN vs. PA Roles: What’s the Difference?

RN roles are focused on direct patient care, handling duties such as taking and monitoring vitals, assessing and documenting patients’ conditions, and administering medications and treatments.

Meanwhile, PAs also perform direct patient care, but they have duties that are closer to those that a doctor can perform. Under the supervision of a physician, PAs can perform tasks such as ordering diagnostics tests, diagnosing illnesses and injuries, and prescribing medications and treatments. The amount of physician supervision that is required for a PA varies by state.

For a deeper dive into common RN and PA duties, here’s a side-by-side comparison based on information from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

may include:

• Evaluating and monitoring patients’ conditions
• Documenting symptoms and medical histories
• Administering medications and treatments
• Establishing patient care plans or adding information to existing plans
• Coordinating with the patient’s healthcare team, including doctors and other healthcare professionals
• Using and monitoring medical equipment
• Assisting with diagnostic tests and analyzing results
• Educating patients and their families about how to manage illness or injuries following treatment

Some registered nurses may also oversee licensed vocational nurses (also known as licensed practical nurses), nursing assistants, and/or home health aides.

may include:

• Reviewing patients’ medical histories
• Performing patient examinations
• Ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests, such as blood tests or x-rays
• Diagnosing injuries or illnesses
• Prescribing medications
• Treating patients, such as administering immunizations, setting broken bones, or applying stitches
• Educating and advising patients and their loved ones on various healthcare issues and needs
• Evaluating and documenting the patient’s progress
• Staying up-to-date on the latest treatments to help connect patients with quality patient care
• For both RNs and PAs, their exact duties will depend on the specific healthcare setting and specialty area in which they work. A few examples of specialty areas may include family or internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency care, surgical care, oncology, and mental healthcare.
• Additionally, in rural and underserved communities, it’s common for PAs to act as primary care providers, such as in clinics where the supervising physician is only in the clinic a couple days a week.

For both RNs and PAs, their exact duties will depend on the specific healthcare setting and specialty area in which they work. A few examples of specialty areas may include family or internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency care, surgical care, oncology, and mental healthcare.

Additionally, in rural and underserved communities, it’s common for PAs to act as primary care providers, such as in clinics where the supervising physician is only in the clinic a couple days a week.

RN and PA Educational Requirements

Another big point of differentiation between an RN and a PA is the level of education that’s required for each role.

Degree requirements for registered nurses

Registered nurses typically need to complete either a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) or an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) and then pass the National Council Licensure Examination for registered nurses (NCLEX-RN) in order to in their state.

A standard associate degree program takes two years while a standard bachelor’s degree program takes four years, though time to completion for a BSN or ADN can be shorter or longer depending on the program pace. For instance, °Â°ä±«â€™s BSN program is accelerated and can be completed in a little over 3 years. Keep in mind that you could shorten the time to completion for your bachelor’s degree if you already have an ADN or if you have enough working experience as a licensed or registered nurse.

Another big point of differentiation between an RN and a PA is the level of education that’s required for each role.

Degree requirements for registered nurses

Registered nurses typically need to complete either a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) or an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) and then pass the National Council Licensure Examination for registered nurses (NCLEX-RN) in order to in their state.

Considering prerequisites and clinical experience requirements

Many physician assistant master’s programs require applicants to have bachelor’s degrees in such as biology or health sciences, or to meet certain criteria regarding coursework in the sciences. Healthcare experience may also be a requirement or a point of differentiation for program applicants

To give an example, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s Master of Physician Assistant (MPA) programs require applicants to have completed certain prerequisite courses in the sciences and to meet a certain threshold for their cumulative biology/chemistry/physics (BCP) grade point average (3.0 or better for the California program and 2.7 or better for the Texas program).

Additionally, applicants to °Â°ä±«â€™s California MPA program must provide documentation showing that they completed 500 hours of observation, volunteer and/or work in a clinical setting. While the °Â°ä±«â€™s Texas MPA program does have this requirement, showing such experience is recommended in order to give the applicant a competitive advantage. Learn more about the admission requirements for the California MPA program and Texas MPA program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

Transitioning from an RN to a PA

While it is not common to see educational programs that focus on transitioning registered nurses into physical assistants, RNs who follow the next steps for education, training, and licensure can achieve their goal of becoming a PA.

If you’re a nurse with BSN, you already have a strong educational foundation in the sciences as well as professional healthcare experience that can help you stand out as a PA program candidate. You may just need to fill some gaps to ensure you meet all the requirements to apply for your desired program. And if you don’t already have a BSN, earning your bachelor’s degree can be your first step to pursuing your new career path.

Here are some steps you may need to complete if you’re a nurse who wants to apply for a PA master’s program:

• Research physician assistant master’s programs and decide which ones you want to apply to. This can help ensure you’re working toward meeting the correct criteria and prerequisites, as eligibility and admission requirements vary by program.

• Earn a bachelor’s degree in the sciences, which can include a Bachelor of Science in Nursing. A BSN can be especially ideal if you want to work as an RN for a few years to build up your experience and then study to become a physician assistant in the future. If you already have an ADN, you may have a head start.

• Complete the necessary prerequisites and maintain a high GPA in your science-based coursework. This can help ensure you meet the admission requirements for your desired program and help you stand out from other candidates. If you already completed your bachelor’s degree, you may need to take more coursework to fill any educational gaps.

• Leverage your clinical experience. As an RN, you will have the advantage of extensive direct patient experience, which can help you stand out as a PA program applicant.

Once you complete a PA program, you will need to pass the and apply for licensure in your state. Note that licensure requirements vary by state, so make sure to thoroughly research the process ahead of time.

Check out our career guide on how to become a physician assistant in California for more specifics.

Get Started on Your BSN or MPA Program

If you’re eager to get started on your education, it’s time to explore programs that can help you achieve your goals. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ offers bachelor’s and master’s programs that are designed to provide you with the comprehension curriculum and hands-on experience you need to prepare for a career as a registered nurse or physician assistant.

Below are a few things you need to know about °Â°ä±«â€™s programs.

Bachelor of Science in Nursing

• Format:
  • On-campus
• Locations:
  • Richardson, TX (Dallas area)
  • Miami, FL
  • Los Angeles, CA
  • Ontario, CA
  • Orange County, CA
• Duration:
  • 39 months at the accelerated pace (all campuses)
  • 44 months at the evening and weekend pace (Miami campus only)
  • 54 months at the working professional pace (Miami campus only)

ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ also offers an LPN to BSN program, LVN to BSN program, and an RN to BSN program for those who are interested in using their nursing experience toward their bachelor’s degree.

Master of Physician Assistant

• Locations:
  • Richardson, TX (Dallas area)
  • Los Angeles, CA
• Format:
  • Hybrid in California (combining online and in-person learning)
  • On-campus in Texas
• Duration: 24 months

With on-campus simulation labs, clinical rotations, and help preparing for the NCLEX and PANCE, you have access to the support you need to thrive in your educational journey. Schedule an info session today to learn more about ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

The post RN to PA: Transitioning From Registered Nurse to Physician Assistant appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

Thinking about grad school but not sure you’re ready to spend half a decade in the classroom? There’s good news: not all healthcare graduate programs require you to put your life on pause for years. In fact, you can step into some of the most impactful roles in the field through accelerated master’s and doctoral programs in less than three years.

Whether you’re building on a healthcare background or starting fresh, you have numerous options that can lead you to a rewarding career. Keep reading to discover five healthcare graduate degrees that can help you build a successful career — without the long wait.

What Are Common Graduate Healthcare Degrees?

Medical school isn’t the only way to build a worthwhile career in healthcare. While it’s easy to picture years of studying before you can begin working, some healthcare graduate programs offer faster, more flexible avenues into patient care without compromising on quality.

If you’re exploring your next steps, some common graduate paths include programs for physician assistants, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and pharmacists. These roles let you work directly with patients while also giving you the chance to take on leadership and decision-making responsibilities.

Plus, at an accredited institution like ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you can prepare for many of these careers in less time. Take a look at some common graduate healthcare degrees:

1. Master of Physician Assistant

Want the advantages of being a medical provider without spending years in medical school? diagnose illnesses, prescribe medications, perform exams, and even assist in surgeries, working closely with physicians across a range of clinical settings.

Through the Master of Physician Assistant program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you can earn your degree in as little as two years. You’ll build a strong foundation through classroom learning and gain real-world experience during a full year of clinical rotations across multiple specialties.

Toward the end of the program, you’ll get individualized support to confidently prepare for the .

2. Master of Science in Occupational Therapy (MSOT)

allows you to help people heal physically while also supporting their emotional and social well-being. Whether you’re working with a child facing developmental delays or an adult recovering from surgery, you’re guiding patients as they regain confidence and independence.

At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, the Master of Science in Occupational Therapy (MSOT) program takes less than two years to complete, with no bachelor’s degree needed. You’ll learn through a mix of classroom instruction, clinical labs, and fieldwork placements that prepare you for the exam.

Earning a master’s degree is also a key requirement for becoming a licensed occupational therapist, making this program a smart and practical next step. Learn more about what it takes to become an occupational therapist in California.

3. Occupational Therapy Doctorate (OTD)

If you’re ready to build on your occupational therapy background and grow into a leadership role, the Occupational Therapy Doctorate (OTD) program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ can help you get started. Designed for working professionals, this advanced degree helps prepare you for clinical specialization, research, advocacy, and program development.

The program can be completed in as little as 32 months (less than three years) and combines on-campus with online synchronous learning for greater flexibility. Plus, from day one, you’re matched with an occupational therapy (OT) faculty mentor who can offer personalized guidance and help you explore the many settings where OTs make an impact.

4. Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT)

You’ve seen them in rehabilitation clinics, athletic facilities, or at private practices. are movement specialists who help patients through recovery from surgery, injury, or chronic conditions.

From stroke recovery to sports rehab, PTs develop personalized treatment plans and guide patients through every stage of healing, often becoming a critical part of someone’s journey back to independence.

The Doctor of Physical Therapy program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ is designed to give you hands-on experience to excel in this growing field through three full-time, end-of-program internships. You’ll also complete coursework that covers topics such as biomechanics, neuromuscular rehabilitation, and ethical practice.

5. Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD)

If you picture pharmacists as people who just count pills behind a counter, think again. Pharmaciststoday are patient-facing healthcare providers, and in many states, they can even administer vaccines and consult directly with physicians as part of a comprehensive care team.

°Â°ä±«â€™s hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program can be completed in just under three years. The curriculum combines clinical rotations with a strong foundation in drug safety, therapeutics, and healthcare systems. Once you graduate, you’ll be prepared to take the and step confidently into roles across hospitals, research, retail, or even public health policy.

Want to explore this career path in greater depth? Learn more about becoming a pharmacist in California.

How to Choose a Healthcare Graduate Program

Selecting the right graduate program begins with being clear about your professional goals and learning style. It’s also important to factor in any current responsibilities that might affect your ability to stay focused while enrolled.

If you’re looking for a hands-on role in clinical care or being part of a care team, paths as a physician assistant or physical therapist can give you the kind of patient interaction that many find especially rewarding. On the other hand, if you’re drawn to medication management or even research, you might feel more fulfilled as a pharmacist.

As you weigh your options, ask yourself questions such as:

• Can the program fit my current work or family schedule?
• Will the program prepare me to sit for any required licensure or certification exams?
• Are there opportunities for diverse clinical rotations?
• Is the learning format (online, hybrid, or in-person) a good match for how I learn best?

In the end, the right program supports your career goals, personal strengths, and lifestyle. If you’re not sure where to start, reaching out to the admissions team at a school you’re considering is a great first step.

Earn a Graduate Degree in Healthcare in Under 3 Years at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½

You don’t have to spend half a decade in grad school to make a difference in healthcare. Whether you see yourself guiding patients as a physician assistant, supporting your community as a pharmacist, or helping people regain independence through occupational therapy, there are healthcare graduate programs that can get you there in less than three years.

At °Â°ä±«â€™s Center for Graduate Studies in Los Angeles, each accredited healthcare program is built to prepare you for real-world success with experienced faculty and industry-current simulation labs. From your first assignment to your clinical rotations, °Â°ä±«â€™s programs are designed for future healthcare professionals who are ready to lead with purpose.

Advance your education on your own terms — schedule an information session at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ today to see how you can earn your graduate degree in under three years.

The post 5 Healthcare Graduate Programs Under 3 Years appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

If you’re passionate about pharmacy and looking for a more flexible path to your degree, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s Hybrid Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program could be the right fit. It blends online learning with hands-on clinical training, designed for people who want a rigorous education without putting their personal or professional life on pause. 

What Is a Hybrid PharmD Program? 

A hybrid PharmD program allows you to complete much of your academic coursework online while still participating in labs and clinical rotations in person. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you’ll learn foundational and advanced concepts through digital platforms, then apply your knowledge during scheduled campus-based lab sessions and real-world pharmacy practice experiences. 

This model offers the structure of a professional program with the flexibility modern students often need. 

Why Choose the Hybrid PharmD at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½? 

Learn on Your Terms 

Whether you’re balancing a job, family, or other responsibilities, the hybrid format gives you more control over your schedule. You can complete lectures and assignments online, with in-person components built in at key points throughout each term. 

A Curriculum That Goes Beyond Textbooks 

°Â°ä±«â€™s PharmD program is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) and is built around real-world application. You’ll engage with case studies, interactive assignments, and group discussions that prepare you to think critically as a pharmacist. Simulation labs and clinical experiences ensure you’re not just learning the material but using it to solve problems and support patients. 

Real Clinical Experience Starts Early 

From community pharmacies to hospitals, your rotations will expose you to different pharmacy environments. These experiences help you discover where your interests lie and start building your professional network. You’ll complete both Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experiences (IPPEs) and Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) with guidance from licensed preceptors. 

Faculty Who Know Your Name 

Even in a hybrid setting, you’re never on your own. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ faculty are available to answer questions, offer feedback, and mentor you throughout your academic journey. The program also includes access to student support services like tutoring, academic coaching, and career preparation. 

Learn in Los Angeles 

Your in-person labs take place at °Â°ä±«â€™s Center for Graduate Studies in Los Angeles, a facility equipped with advanced lab and simulation spaces. It’s a hub of innovation and collaboration where you can practice clinical skills and connect with classmates and faculty face to face. 

What Can You Do with a PharmD? 

A Doctor of Pharmacy degree opens the door to a wide range of careers. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ graduates pursue roles in:

• Hospital and clinical pharmacy
• Ambulatory care 
• Community pharmacies 
• Managed care and health systems
• Biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries
• Public health and policy 

Pharmacists are also key members of interdisciplinary healthcare teams, often working closely with physicians, nurses, and other providers. 

Is This the Right Fit for You? 

The hybrid PharmD program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ is ideal for motivated individuals who want a quality pharmacy education with more flexibility built in. If you’re ready to take the next step toward a career in pharmacy, this program gives you the tools and support to move forward. 

The post Earn Your PharmD with Flexibility: Explore the Hybrid Program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½Â  appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

For many students pursuing a master of physician assistant degree, clinical rotations are an intense and transformative chapter, packed with hands-on learning, high stakes, and life-changing moments. For Aza D., a WCU-Center for Graduate Studies MPA student, one recent OB-GYN rotation became far more than just a learning experience. It became a powerful reminder of why she chose this path in the first place. 

Aza’s journey to becoming a PA was anything but typical. An immigrant who arrived in the U.S. at age 12, Aza started working in healthcare at just 17. Over the years, she moved through the ranks, starting as a volunteer in medical billing and eventually becoming a director of clinical operations. Despite her rising administrative career, she knew her heart belonged at the bedside, not behind a desk. 

That clarity came during a personal low point — navigating a divorce, raising two children, and feeling unfulfilled. A chance conversation with a compassionate physician assistant during a routine medical visit opened her eyes to a new possibility. 

“What do you want to do?â€� the PA asked. 

“I really like patient care,â€� Aza replied. 

And just like that, her course shifted. She went back to school, earned a second bachelor’s degree, and pursued her MPH at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, followed by her current MPA degree — all while working and parenting. 

But it was during her most recent OB-GYN rotation that her resolve was truly tested. In surgery, she was thrust into a high-stakes emergency: a stat cesarean delivery for a high-risk mother whose baby was in distress. The mother had been in labor for over a day with uncontrolled fever and diabetes. As the baby’s heart rate plummeted, her supervising physician made the call for an immediate C-section delivery. 

“I was his first assist,â€� Aza recalled. “He looked me in the eye and said, ‘We’re going fast.’ I was so scared. I’m like, ‘I can’t make any mistakes.’â€� 

The surgery unfolded just as predicted: severe bleeding, complications, and a baby born not breathing, his skin purple with lack of oxygen. Aza found herself holding the infant, silently wishing him to cry, to breathe, to live. 

The room was thick with tension and urgency as they called in the children’s hospital via helicopter. Though the baby was airlifted for emergency care, the emotional impact lingered.  

“I guess my emotions were written all over my face,â€� Aza admitted. “The (children’s hospital) RT came, she said ‘I promise you the baby’s going to be OK,’ to the point that she had to find me on social media (to let me know) the baby was OK.â€�  

While thankfully, the baby and mother both recovered, Aza walked away with a lesson she’ll carry into every patient interaction: Composure under pressure can save lives. 

Through it all, she credits ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s MPA program for its hands-on opportunities, supportive faculty, and flexibility. 

“(The clinical faculty) have been amazing,â€� she said. “They have been very responsive to my concerns. I haven’t had any issues with my current rotations. I’ve been pretty fortunate (with) the experiences I’ve had, in family medicine, pediatrics, and OB-GYN.â€� 

Set to graduate in December, Aza is looking forward to crossing the stage with her children, ages 14 and 16, cheering her on. It will be her first time attending a graduation ceremony, and she’s doing it for them as much as herself. 

“I really want them to be present and see that hard work does pay off,� Aza added. “Whatever goals they have in life, all they have to do is pursue them. It’s going to be emotional for the three of us.�  

The post Finding Strength in the Storm: ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ Student’s Unforgettable C-Section Experience During Her PA Clinical Rotation  appeared first on ºìÌÒ´«Ã½.

If you’re ready to help individuals live healthier, more fulfilling lives, a career in occupational therapy (OT) might be your calling. Whether you’re exploring an Occupational Therapy Masters Program or aiming to earn your OTD degree, California offers pathways to help you reach your professional goals. Here’s what you need to know about the requirements to begin and succeed in this impactful field.

Becoming a Licensed Occupational Therapist in California

To legally practice OT in California, candidates must:

• Complete a program accredited by the
• Pass the exam
• Obtain licensure through the

At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ (ºìÌÒ´«Ã½), students can pursue either the OTD degree or the Occupational Therapy Masters Program at our Los Angeles-based Center for Graduate Studies—both designed to equip students for licensure and real-world success.

Educational Requirements for OT Programs in California

Step 1: Earn a Bachelor’s Degree

Applicants to both ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ programs must hold a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited institution. However, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ also offers an OTA-to-MSOT pathway for qualified students without a bachelor’s degree.

Step 2: Complete Prerequisite Coursework

For both the MSOT and OTD programs, students must complete prerequisite courses, typically within the last 10 years. Courses include:

• Human Anatomy with Lab
• Human Physiology with Lab
• Statistics
• Lifespan Development
• Abnormal or Behavioral Psychology
• Advanced Writing
• Medical Terminology
• Two courses in the humanities or social sciences

Minimum GPA requirements apply, with most programs seeking a 3.0 or higher.

Fieldwork & Observation Hours

California OT programs require 40–80+ hours of volunteer or observation time under a licensed OT. This experience should span clinical and community-based settings and must be documented for your application.

Required Application Materials

To apply, students should prepare:

• A completed application via
• Three letters of recommendation (typically including OTs and academic mentors)
• A personal interview
• Transcripts, proof of English proficiency (if applicable), and prerequisite verification

No GRE is required for ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s OTD degree or Occupational Therapy Masters Program—streamlining the admissions process for applicants.

Admission & Academic Requirements for ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s MSOT Program

• Duration: 24 months, 96 credits, 6 trimesters
• Format: On-campus learning and 1–2 days of online synchronous classes weekly
• Bachelor’s Degree: Required, or apply via the OTA Pathway
• GPA: 3.0 minimum preferred for last 60 units
• Prerequisites: Must include anatomy, physiology, statistics, psychology, humanities/social sciences, and more
• Observation Hours: 40 minimum in an OT setting
• Recommendation Letters: Three required
• Scholarships: Available, including the Dean’s and Community Leader Scholarships

The Occupational Therapy Masters Program at ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ provides early fieldwork opportunities and mentorship from day one—setting you up for success both in and out of the classroom.

Admission & Academic Requirements for ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s OTD Program

• Duration: 32 months, 120 credits, 8 trimesters
• Format: Blended learning with on-campus and online synchronous sessions
• Bachelor’s Degree: Required
• GPA: 3.0 minimum preferred
• Prerequisites: Includes advanced coursework in anatomy, physiology, psychology, and writing
• Observation Hours: Minimum of 40
• Recommendation Letters: Three required
• Capstone & Fieldwork: Features Level II fieldwork and a 14-week capstone project
• Scholarships: Available, including the Dean’s and Community Leader Scholarships

The OTD degree from ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ prepares you for leadership in occupational therapy through advanced clinical experiences, scholarly research, and community-based practice.

After Graduation: Licensure & Career Support

ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ graduates are eligible to sit for the exam, after which they can apply for California licensure. Licensure requirements also include:

• Live Scan background check
• application
• 40 hours of continuing education every two years for renewal

From day one, students receive guidance from our dedicated Career Services team and a faculty mentor to help them navigate their professional journey.

Diverse Career Pathways for ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ OT Graduates

Graduates of ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s OT programs are prepared to work in a variety of settings, including:

• Hospitals and clinics
• Schools and early intervention centers
• Skilled nursing facilities
• Community-based rehabilitation programs
• Home healthcare agencies

Whether you choose the Occupational Therapy Masters Program or pursue an OTD degree, ºìÌÒ´«Ã½’s curriculum and mentorship model are designed to help you find your path in this dynamic field.

Take the Next Step Toward a Career in OT

Ready to launch your journey into occupational therapy? At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you’ll gain the hands-on training, personalized mentorship, and professional preparation you need to make a lasting difference in the lives of your clients.

Learn more about our OTD degree
Explore our Occupational Therapy Masters Program

Your career in occupational therapy starts with the right education—and ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ is here to guide you every step of the way.

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