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In This Guide

• What Does a Family Nurse Practitioner Do?
• Where Do Family Nurse Practitioners Work?
• Studying to Become an FNP Nurse
• How to Choose an FNP Program
• Frequently Asked Questions

All About FNPs, What They Do, Where They Practice, and How to Become One

A family nurse practitioner is exactly what it sounds like: an NP trained to practice family nursing. They provide comprehensive care across the spectrum of patient populations in a wide range of conditions, from preventative to chronic. FNPs assess, diagnose, and treat with a focus on health promotion, disease prevention, chronic disease management, urgent-emergency care, mental health care, long-term, hospice, and palliative care. The role of the FNP also extends into non-clinical settings such as administration, research, and teaching.

 

FNPs are also classified as advanced practice nurse practitioners (APNPs) and must be certified as such. There are two recognized certification exams. One is administered by the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) and certifies you as an FNP-C for clinical practice. The second is administered through the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) and is concentrated on research and academia, for an FNP-BC.1

What Does a Family Nurse Practitioner Do?

As an FNP, you’re responsible for delivering primary care across a range of age populations, providing preventative care and education, as well as assessing and treating acute and chronic conditions that fall within the purview of primary care. Many families opt for an FNP as their PCP, instead of an MD, since FNPs can perform the same primary care treatments.

 

Depending on your placement, can include:

 

• Routine physical examinations
• Assessing illness or injury, both chronic and acute
• Ordering and performing diagnostics
• Developing treatment plans
• Prescribing medications, including controlled substances
• Maintaining patient records
• Collaborating in care with specialists
• Patient education and wellness promotion

Where Do Family Nurse Practitioners Work?

FNPs practice in many types of different healthcare facilities, from large healthcare systems to their own private practice offices (in the nurse practitioners to have independent practices). These , but are not limited to:

 

• Family practices
• Internal medicine clinics
• Pediatric offices
• Specialty clinics
• Public health offices
• Emergency rooms
• Urgent care centers
• Home care
• Rehabilitation centers
• Long-term care centers
• Palliative and hospice care facilities
• Universities and colleges

Studying to Become an FNP Nurse

Becoming a family nurse practitioner requires an advanced degree that builds on an RN or BSN nursing degree. An accredited nursing school or university MSN-FNP program will offer a rigorous healthcare-focused curriculum of MSN core coursework and family nursing studies that may include such as:

• Policy, Organization and Finance
• Ethics in Healthcare
• Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
• Adult and Geriatric Primary Care
• Women’s Health Primary Care
• Pediatric Primary Care
• Care Coordination
• Advanced Physical Assessment and Lab
• Advanced Pharmacology
• Research Utilization
• Advanced Healthcare Residency

Once you complete a Master of Science in Nursing to practice as a family nurse, you’ll need to pass two nursing licensure exams:

• The NCLEX-RN Exam
• An APNP Certification Exam ()

As an FNP, you also have the option to pursue certifications in subspecialties such as cardiology, dermatology, or oncology to further advance your bona fides and focus your practice.

 

Because many MSN (or beyond) candidates are already working nurses, many institutions are offering online study and flexible scheduling to allow for degree advancement while the student is practicing. It’s also possible for nurses to pursue an FNP education through an online Post-Master’s Certificate program.

How to Choose an FNP Program

Once you’re ready to pursue the FNP role, the program you choose shapes how you’ll study, how you’ll complete your clinical hours, and how well the experience fits your life as a working nurse. Here are the factors to weigh when comparing accredited MSN–FNP and post-master’s certificate programs.

 

• Accreditation. Start with a school and program that holds recognized accreditation, which signals the education meets established academic and clinical standards and keeps you eligible for national certification. ºìÌÒ´«Ã½ is institutionally accredited, and its nursing programs hold their own accreditations and approvals.
• An entry point that matches your education. The right route depends on where you’re starting. If you’re a licensed RN without a BSN, an RN to MSN – FNP track builds the bridge for you. If you already hold a BSN, the MSN – FNP track is the direct route, and if you already have a master’s in nursing, a Post-Master’s Certificate – FNP lets you add the specialization.
• Clinical placement support. National FNP certification requires at least 500 faculty-supervised, direct patient care clinical hours. Look for a program that builds those hours into the curriculum and offers clinical placement support so you can complete them locally.
• Online flexibility for working nurses. Many FNP students keep working while they study. An online MSN format helps you align study time with your schedule and complete coursework from where you live.
• Curriculum depth. Review the coursework before you apply. A strong FNP curriculum covers advanced pharmacology, advanced physical assessment, and primary care across the lifespan. This includes pediatric, women’s health, and adult and geriatric care, so you receive instruction in the full scope of family practice.
• Cost and financial aid. Factor tuition into your decision, and ask each school what support is available. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, financial aid and scholarships are available for those who qualify. Explore your options through ºìÌÒ´«Ã½â€™s financial aid resources.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a family nurse practitioner (FNP)?

A family nurse practitioner is an advanced practice registered nurse trained to provide primary care to patients of all ages, from infants to older adults. FNPs assess, diagnose, and treat both acute and chronic conditions, with a focus on health promotion and disease prevention. Many families choose an FNP as their primary care provider.

What does a family nurse practitioner do?

FNPs deliver primary care across the lifespan. Day-to-day, that can include routine physical exams, ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests, developing treatment plans, prescribing medications and educating patients about their health. Depending on the state and setting, an FNP may also work in administration, research or teaching.

How do you become a family nurse practitioner?

Becoming an FNP starts with an active RN license and a BSN, followed by a graduate nursing degree focused on FNP. Most often, this would be an MSN with an FNP specialization, a post-master’s certificate, or a Doctor of Nursing Practice. After you complete an accredited program, you take a national FNP certification exam through the AANP or ANCC.

How long does it take to become a family nurse practitioner?

The full path generally takes about six to eight years, including your undergraduate education. An MSN usually takes about two years, a post-master’s certificate one to two years, and a DNP three to four years. If you’re already an RN with a BSN, an RN to MSN – FNP track can help you reach your goal sooner.

What’s the difference between FNP-C and FNP-BC certification?

Both credentials certify you as a family nurse practitioner; however, they are issued by different organizations. awards the FNP-C certification, which focuses on clinical practice. awards the FNP-BC, which also incorporates research and academia. You choose the exam that fits your practice goals.

Can you earn your FNP specialization online?

Yes. At ºìÌÒ´«Ã½, you can pursue an FNP specialization online through the RN to MSN, MSN, and post-master’s certificate programs. An online format helps you align study time with your schedule as a working nurse, and you complete your required clinical hours locally with placement support.

How many clinical hours does an FNP program require?

National FNP certification requires at least 500 faculty-supervised, direct patient care clinical hours. Accredited graduate FNP programs build these hours into the curriculum, so you complete them as part of your education rather than arranging them on your own afterward.

How is an FNP different from other nurse practitioner specialties?

An FNP is trained to care for patients across the entire lifespan, from children to older adults. Other NP specialties focus on specific populations; for example, adult-gerontology NPs care for patients from adolescence through older adulthood, and psychiatric-mental health NPs focus on mental health care. If you’re weighing your options, comparing FNP and adult-gerontology primary care roles, or taking the which NP career path fits your personality quiz is a good place to start.

For more helpful articles about the field of nursing, keep following our blog. You may also want to read how to become a nurse practitioner and 7 reasons to become a family nurse practitioner.

Citations:

1

2 Dunn, A. (2024, May 30). Nurse Practitioner Subspecialty Certification Guide: 7 Options for NPs. NurseJournal.org.

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